How to Know If GLP-1 Medications Are Right for You

What Are GLP-1 Medications?

GLP-1 medications mimic the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1, which regulates blood sugar, slows gastric emptying and reduces appetite. Initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes, these drugs are now widely used for weight loss in people with or without diabetes. Common GLP-1 medications include:

• Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon)

• Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda)

• Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy)

• Dulaglutide (Trulicity)

Medical Conditions That May Benefit from GLP-1s

1. Type 2 Diabetes

GLP-1 medications are globally recognised and approved by leading regulatory agencies for managing blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. They:

• Improve insulin sensitivity

• Lower blood sugar levels after meals

• Help with weight loss, which can improve insulin resistance

2. Obesity or Overweight

If you have a BMI over 30 (obesity) or a BMI over 27 (overweight) with related health issues, GLP-1 medications may help you lose significant weight. They are particularly effective when combined with a healthy diet and exercise programme.

3. Cardiovascular Risk

Certain GLP-1 medications, like liraglutide and semaglutide, have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes and existing heart disease.

Who Should Avoid GLP-1 Medications?

While GLP-1 medications can be life-changing for some, they’re not suitable for everyone. These medications may not be right for you if:

• You Have a Personal or Family History of Medullary Thyroid Cancer: GLP-1 medications have been linked to an increased risk of thyroid tumors in animal studies.

• You Have Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 2 (MEN2): This genetic condition raises the risk of thyroid cancer.

• You Have a History of Pancreatitis: GLP-1s can exacerbate or trigger inflammation of the pancreas in some cases.

• You’re Pregnant or Breastfeeding: The safety of GLP-1 medications during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well established.

Key Questions to Ask Yourself

1. What Are My Goals?

Are you aiming to lower blood sugar, lose weight or reduce cardiovascular risk? Understanding your primary goals can help your healthcare provider determine if GLP-1s are a good fit.

2. Have I Tried Other Options?

GLP-1 medications are often prescribed after lifestyle changes and other treatments, such as metformin or weight-loss counselling, haven’t provided the desired results.

3. Am I Prepared for Long-Term Use?

GLP-1 medications are most effective when used consistently over time. Stopping the medication can lead to weight regain or worsened blood sugar control.

4. Can I Afford the Medication?

GLP-1s can be expensive, and their accessibility often depends on regional healthcare systems and whether your health system or insurance plan covers them.

What to Discuss with Your Healthcare Provider

Before starting GLP-1 medications, have an open conversation with your healthcare provider. Topics to discuss include:

1. Your Medical History: Mention any history of thyroid cancer, pancreatitis or gastrointestinal issues.

2. Your Current Medications: GLP-1s can interact with other drugs, particularly insulin and certain oral diabetes medications.

3. Potential Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting and constipation. Ask about strategies to manage these.

4. Lifestyle Adjustments: GLP-1s work best when combined with healthy eating and regular exercise.

Signs That GLP-1 Medications Might Be Right for You

You could be a good candidate for GLP-1 medications if:

• You’ve struggled to control your blood sugar despite other treatments.

• You’re overweight or obese and have been unable to lose weight through traditional methods.

• You have risk factors for heart disease and want to reduce your cardiovascular risk.

• You’re committed to making long-term lifestyle changes.

GLP-1 medications are powerful tools for managing type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss, but they’re not a one-size-fits-all solution. By understanding your medical history, health goals and lifestyle needs, you can work with your healthcare provider to determine whether GLP-1s are the right choice for you. Remember, these medications are most effective when paired with sustainable diet and exercise habits, ensuring long-term success.